Lecciones de la pandemia para el desarrollo local
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7203/terra.8.21238Abstract
Resumen: Con ocasión de la crisis del COVID-19 se han publicado distintos análisis y reflexiones sobre el impacto que ésta puede tener sobre sobre la forma y la dinámica territorial a medio y largo plazo, así como sobre las posibilidades de desarrollo de los distintos territorios. Muchos de ellos subrayan la oportunidad que la crisis puede representar para reconsiderar drásticamente, desde cero, el paradigma actual de producción y consumo, así como el modelo territorial predominante. Aunque la duración temporal de la crisis sanitaria es un factor fundamental en la consolidación de estas nuevas tendencias, la situación actual y evolución probable de la pandemia a escala global nos lleva a afirmar que, hasta cierto punto “la vida después del COVID-19” será “la vida con COVID-19” (OCDE, 2020), de ahí la necesidad de reflexionar sobre las consecuencias a largo plazo, y de proponer un nuevo enfoque de desarrollo territorial que tenga en cuenta las diferentes necesidades y los cambios planteados por el nuevo contexto. En las páginas siguientes recogemos algunas de las ideas principales de estas aportaciones, centrando el análisis en algunos de los temas más estrechamente relacionados con el paradigma del desarrollo local: las economías locales, la sostenibilidad ambiental y social, el modelo territorial y la formación del capital social.
Palabras clave: COVID-19, desarrollo local,” Economía Fundamental”, cambio productivo, forma urbana, capital social.
Abstract: With the COVID-19 crisis, various analyses and reflections have been published on the impact it may have on the shape and dynamics of the territory in the medium and long term, as well as on the development possibilities of the different territories. Many of them underline the opportunity that the crisis may represent to drastically reconsider, from scratch, the current paradigm of production and consumption, as well as the predominant territorial model. Although the temporal duration of the health crisis is a fundamental factor in the consolidation of these new trends, the current situation and probable evolution of the pandemic on a global scale leads us to affirm that, to a certain extent, "life after COVID-19" will be "life with COVID-19" (OECD, 2020), hence the need to reflect on the long-term consequences, and to propose a new territorial development approach that takes into account the different needs and changes posed by the new context. In the following pages we gather some of the main ideas of these contributions, focusing the analysis on some of the issues most closely related to the local development paradigm: local economies, environmental and social sustainability, the territorial model and the formation of social capital.
Keywords: COVID-19, local development, “Basic Economy”, productive change, urban form, social capital.
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