The subject of non-finite verbs in Spanish: characterization problems and guidelines for teaching

Abstract

In this paper we will deal with non-finite verbs that head sentences. The infinitive, gerund and participle forms have traditionally been associated with the categories of noun, adverb, and adjective, respectively. However, such parallelism does not imply a categorial equivalence: the fact that an infinitive occupies similar contexts to those of a noun phrase does not turn into a noun. We will see that non-finite forms constructions constitute bimembral predicative structures and, therefore, have a subject, although it is conditioned by the absence of verbal inflection. To understand the properties of the subject of non-finite verbs, it is necessary to insist on three basic grammatical notions: argument structure, null subject and locality. Based on this approach, we outline a content sequencing to teach non-personal forms in secondary school and we propose a sample of possible exercises of short sequences and minimal pairs. These exercises are based on a methodology that seeks to get students to reflect on grammar by linking meaning to form.