“Not everyday business.” A caseworker perspective on interpreter provision for deaf refugees and cooperation with interpreters
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7203/Just.3.27794Palabras clave:
interpretación de asilo, personas refugiadas sordas, interpretación de lengua de signos, interpretación en equipo, cooperación
Resumen
En este artículo se analizan las necesidades de comunicación de las y los solicitantes de asilo sordas y sordos desde la perspectiva de las personas encargadas de efectuar la entrevista de asilo ("trabajadoras y trabajadores sociales"). El estudio se basa en 13 entrevistas cualitativas realizadas a finales de 2020 con trabajadoras y trabajadores sociales de la Administración austríaca con el objetivo de analizar la percepción que tienen sobre las solicitudes de asilo presentadas por solicitantes sordas y sordos y de conocer cómo abordan la búsqueda y la colaboración con las y los intérpretes en estos casos. Los resultados muestran que tanto la búsqueda de intérpretes como las entrevistas con solicitantes sordas y sordos son percibidas como un reto. Debido a la falta de conocimientos sobre las necesidades comunicativas de las personas sordas y a la falta de competencias a la hora de trabajar con lenguas de signos y con intérpretes sordas y sordos o de lengua de signos, las trabajadoras y los trabajadores sociales confían en las destrezas de intérpretes y representantes de las asociaciones de personas sordas y cooperan con ellas y ellos para organizarse adecuadamente de cara a la entrevista y la búsqueda de intérpretes. No existen estructuras de apoyo institucionalizadas, por lo que las trabajadoras y los trabajadores sociales confían en sus percepciones subjetivas y en las soluciones intuitivas ad hoc, así como en los comentarios de las y los intérpretes. El estudio apunta a la necesidad de concienciar sobre las necesidades de solicitantes de asilo sordas y sordos y sobre los riesgos que entraña el perpetuar perspectivas capacitistas, así como la necesidad de formación interprofesional entre las trabajadoras y los trabajadores sociales y las y los intérpretes.
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Biografía del autor/a
Sonja Pöllabauer, Universität Wien
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